Rick Carne
The title "chartered accountant" (CA) and the designatory letters CA, ACA and FCA go back to the origins of the organized profession in Scotland and England nearly 150 years ago, with the granting of royal charters by Queen Victoria. Today, CA's in all of the Home Institutes of ACAUS have attained a level of professional expertise that has become a world standard. CA's undergo lengthy and rigorous training and must pass numerous examinations to qualify for membership. Moreover, they are required to maintain high standards of professional conduct and competence supervised by their home institutes.