Scott Duncan
Most electromagnetism is caused by the spinning ball of liquid iron death, that is the planet's core.
The IONOSPHERE is where all the "loose change" of ionization ends up.
This ALSO allows for HAM radio operators to bounce "side-band" signals off of it and talk to people thousands of miles away.
Data Carriers over this medium sprung up in the late 90's.
HAARP is an attempt to make the ionosphere a "trunk line" for data communications.